我国安宁疗护的现状及展望（上）

摘要

医疗水平的提高使由慢性病致死的比例越来越高。在终末期患者得知自己病情和预期的情况下，身体和精神两者皆饱受痛苦。安宁疗护从为患者尤其是慢性病患者终末期身体和心灵提供全方位疗护的形式，让患者可以度过一个安详的死亡过程。护士作为患者生前最后阶段的照护者，其工作在疗护过程中有着重要作用。疗护事业的发展在国内近年来也受到越来越多的重视。如何提高慢性病终末期患者的身体和心灵的感受，是当前疗护工作的主要任务。本文结合现有文献，对相关发展情况给与综合性描述，也对未来的发展进行了展望。

关键词：安宁疗护；现状；慢性病终末期；展望

Abstract

The improvement of medical treatment has led to an increasing proportion of deaths from chronic diseases. The end-stage patient suffers both physically and mentally as learning of his condition and expectations. Hospice care provides comprehensive physical and mental care for patients, especially those with chronic diseases at the end of their lives, so that patients can experience a peaceful process of death. As the caregiver in the last stage of the patient's life, the nurse's work is of great significance in the process of nursing care. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the development of nursing care in China. How to improve the physical and mental feelings of patients with terminal chronic diseases is the main task of current care work. Based on the existing literature, this paper gives a comprehensive description of the relevant development, and also makes a prospect for the future development.

Key Words: Hospice care, current status, End-stage of chronic disease, Possible development

社会科技的发展使得医疗水平也在不断进步，随着急性疾病和传染病的治愈率不断升高，目前慢性病的发病率呈现一定的上升态势，并且通过药物的治疗，慢性病患者的生存时间也得到不断延长，慢性病患者的生活情况以及出现的各种相关矛盾也在不断凸显。安宁疗护可以姑息照护模式为主导，主要关心患者在病症终末期的生活质量，通过控制病情症状，达到减少患者痛苦的目的